Study of the Therapeutic Effects of Intercessory Prayer (STEP): study design and research methods

Authors
Jeffrey A. Dusek, PhD, Jane B. Sherwood, RN, BSN, Richard Friedman, PhD, Patricia Myers, BA, Charles F. Bethea, MD, Sidney Levitsky, MD, Peter C. Hill, MD, Manoj K. Jain, MD, Stephen L. Kopecky, MD, Paul S. Mueller, MD, Peter Lam, PhD, Herbert Benson, MD, Patricia L. Hibberd, MD, PhD
Publication
American Heart Journal
143(4):577-584
Abstract

Background: The effect of intercessory prayer (IP) on outcome in cardiac cases has been evaluated previously, but results are controversial. The goals of the Study of the Therapeutic Effects of Intercessory Prayer (STEP) are to evaluate the effects of receipt of additional study IP and awareness of receipt of additional study IP on outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. STEP is not designed to determine whether God exists or whether God does or does not respond to IP.

Methods: STEP is a multicenter, controlled trial of 1802 patients in 6 US hospitals, randomized to 1 of 3 groups. Two groups were informed that they may or may not receive 14 consecutive days of additional IP starting the night before coronary artery bypass graft surgery; Group 1 received IP, Group 2 did not. A third group (Group 3) was informed that they would receive additional IP and did so. Three mainstream religious sites provided daily IP for patients assigned to receive IP. At each hospital, research nurses blinded to patient group assignment reviewed medical records to determine whether complications occurred, on the basis of the Society for Thoracic Surgeons definitions. A blinded nurse auditor from the Coordinating Center reviewed every study patient’s data against the medical record before release of study forms.

Results: The STEP Data and Safety Monitoring Board reviewed patient safety and outcomes in the first 900 study patients. Patients were enrolled in STEP from January 1998 to November 2000.

Related Listings
Transcendental meditation for lowering blood pr...
Authors
Soo Liang Ooi, Melisa Giovino, Sok Cheon Pak
Journal
Complementary Therapies in Medicine
·
Background Transcendental meditation (TM) is a stress reduction technique that can potentially lower blood pressure (BP) safely. The American Heart Association recommends that TM may be considered in clinical practice. Objective To provide an overview of all systematic reviews and meta-analyses of TM on BP for evidence-informed clinical decision making. Method Systematic searches of PubMed, EBSCOhost, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, and PsycINFO for all systematic rev […]
High intelligence: A risk factor for psychologi...
Authors
Ruth I. Karpinski, Audrey M. Kinase Kolb, Nicole A. Tetreault, Thomas B. Borowski
Journal
Intelligence
·
High intelligence is touted as being predictive of positive outcomes including educational success and income level. However, little is known about the difficulties experienced among this population. Specifically, those with a high intellectual capacity (hyper brain) possess overexcitabilities in various domains that may predispose them to certain psychological disorders as well as physiological conditions involving elevated sensory, and altered immune and inflammatory responses (hype […]
Home-based central nervous system assessment of...
Authors
Gregg D. Jacobs, Herbert Benson, Richard Friedman
Journal
Behavior Therapy
·
The majority of individuals with insomnia treated with single behavioral interventions do not achieve normal sleep. In this study, individuals with chronic sleep-onset insomnia (n=12) were treated with a sequentially administered multifactor behavioral intervention consisting of sleep restriction, modified stimulus control, and relaxation training. They were compared to age- and sex-matched normal sleepers (n=14) prior to and following treatment using home-based polysomnography and po […]